With the new round of power system reform, energy storage, as a part of power system frequency regulation and peaking, is an indispensable part of the reform. Among them, user-side small energy storage devices have the advantages of small size, flexible use and convenient application, but present decentralized characteristics in space. Therefore, t. With global climate change posing a major threat to human society, China has taken on the responsibility of being a major power in addressing the problem of excessive carbon emissions and has proposed a vision of a “Carbon-free” future in which “carbon dioxide emissions will strive to peak by 2030, and efforts will be made to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060” 1. The key point to achieve double carbon is to promote the implementation of “Two Alternatives”, namely, clean alternative energy production, energy consumption, electrical energy replacement2. The generation of new energy power is significantly influenced by climatic factors and exhibits inherent characteristics of randomness and uncertainty, posing substantial challenges to the secure and stable operation of the power system. Energy storage technologies can effectively facilitate peak shaving and valley filling in the power grid, enhance its capacity for accommodating new energy generation, thereby ensuring its safe and stable operation3,4. Based on the above background, at present, China's user-side small energy storage devices present decentralized characteristics in space, and it is difficult for the grid to directly coordinate the call, so there is still a need to deeply study commercialization mode of energy storage industry, which is important to achieve the optimal allocation of energy storage resources and helping the grid to adjust the electricity load.At. System architectureCloud energy storage refers to an energy storage type that utilizes cloud computing technology to connect and manage energy storage systems through the Internet. It involves integrating energy storage devices with intelligent data analysis and control systems, enabling remote monitoring and management of storage systems. The goal of cloud energy storage is to improve energy utilization efficiency and flexibility. The basic principle is connecting distributed energy to cloud servers. The cloud energy storage system takes small user-side energy storage devices as the main body and fully considers the integration of new energy large-scale grid connection and source-grid-load-storage. The cloud energy storage integrated service platform is a cloud energy storage ecosystem built based on battery energy storage, combined with advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, 5G, big data, cloud services and blockchain. The main body of which includes three categories: the cloud energy storage service provider, small user-side energy storage devices participating in cloud sharing, and distribution networks. The relationship between the participating subjects of the cloud energy storage service is centered on the cloud energy storage service provider. Distribution networks and user-side small energy storage devices are the target customer groups of the service bu. The cloud energy storage service platform will screen, process and integrate the collected information to generate a variety of transaction matching strategies. Subsequently, the electric energy generated by user-side small energy storage devices will be uniformly scheduled to the distribution network, following the cloud energy storage scheduling matching strategy. The specific steps are as follows:Step 1: The energy storage service provider collects the power and capacity monitoring data of the contracted small energy storage devices and the distance of the load. The service provider publishes information on the forecasted leasable energy storage and power purchase for the whole network and information on the power of small energy storage devices that can be leased and requested for energy storage in the TN cycle. Information cloud record is recorded by the cloud energy storage information management module to record real-time small-scale energy storage devices leasing and power purchase information as well as the distribution network in the peak period to small-scale energy storage devices power purchase data. The information recorded in the cloud is shown in Eq. (15).$$begin{array}{c}{U}_{ESA,i}={{Q}_{iZL,T},{Q}_{iZM,T}, {p}_{iZL,T},{p}_{iZM,. Example parameter settingsThe study verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the power coordination and optimization dispatch mechanism of the distribution network under the cloud energy storage mode. Five small energy storage devices on the user side of an integrated energy smart park are selected as the object of calculation. The distributed device capacities of small energy storage devices 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are shown in Table 1. The basic tariff is based on the transformer capacity and the local capacity tariff is used as the basic capacity tariff. In addition, the energy storage battery type is taken as lithium iron phosphate battery.Full size table.
